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The unit permits to demonstrate the difference in the braking torque between leading and trailing shoe braking systems and the effect on the braking torque of the different combinations of leading and trailing shoes. The Drum Brake System is particularly suitable for motor vehicle teaching. With this unit we can carry out studies and experiments to investigate the relationship between actuating forces and the braking torques and for the determination of the coefficient of friction between the brake lining and the drum. To have drum torque and braking load applied by weights hangers and cord.
There are available, as optional, shoes with full lining and shoe with adjustable lining to enable the students to carry out other experiments and investigations.
In order to carry out some of the practices with unit, 2 set of weights B type are required. Two shoes with brake linings are provided.
The Drum Brake System is particularly suitable for motor vehicle teaching. With this unit we can carry out studies and experiments to investigate the relationship between actuating forces and the braking torques and for the determination of the coefficient of friction between the brake lining and the drum. The unit permits to demonstrate the difference in the braking torque between leading and trailing shoe braking systems and the effect on the braking torque of the different combinations of leading and trailing shoes.
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Centrifugal Governors use the properties of centrifugal force to control the speed of a machine. These mechanisms are differentiated into those governors that use weights and those that use springs. Due to centrifugal force, a rotating flyweight mass has the tendency to move away from the axis of rotation and is prevented by counteracting mechanisms.
Features:
Determination of characteristic curves and setting curves of different centrifugal governors
Visualisation of the effect of centrifugal force
How various centrifugal systems work
The elements are connected to each other via pivot joints. The positions of the pivot joints can be varied to adjust the crank radius, oscillation radius and coupling length. The experimental unit comprises the drive disk with the crank and coupling and the output disk with the rocker. The drive disk can be driven by the crank. The unit can be used to investigate the crank-rocker mechanism, the double rocker mechanism and the double crank. The Four-Joint Link is a four-bar pivot gear. It converts rotary motion into oscillating motion.
Features:
Conversion of rotary motion into oscillating motion.
Reciprocating engines consist of a piston reciprocating in a cylinder and connected to a crank shaft by a connecting rod. This cover includes a switch, which allows automatically stops the drive motor if the cover is opened. The Computer Controlled Balance of Reciprocating Masses Unit is mounted on an anodized aluminum structure with panels of painted steel. It includes rubber elements to have a vibration isolation and a transparent protective cover protects students from the moving crankshaft and allows the visibility of the practical exercises and elements of the unit.
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The set is supplied in plastics box. Oldham coupling and universal joint are used for study of relative angular displacement for the two shafts. Rotary Motion For Two Shafts Set is part of mechanical Engineering Test Series which provides sets for various experiments on Basic Panel (separately supplied) to study or demonstrate specific engineering principles.
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The Intermittent Motion Set set is supplied in plastics box. A Geneva stop and a ratchet mechanism are used to demonstrate how rotary motion is converted into a start stop motion. Intermittent Motion Set is part of mechanical Engineering Test Series which provides sets for various experiments on Basic Panel (separately supplied) to study or demonstrate specific engineering principles.
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The set is supplied in plastics box. Slider crank, slotted link, and quick return mechanism are used for studying relation of rotary motion and translation. Rotary Translation Motion Set is part of mechanical Engineering Test Series which provides sets for various experiments on Basic Panel (separately supplied) to study or demonstrate specific engineering principles.
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The set is supplied in plastics box. Over 20 perforated bars of different lengths and joints are used for assembly to form different linkages. The bar can accommodate a pen to trace the movement of the linkages on paper. Bar Linkages Set is part of mechanical Engineering Test Series which provides sets for various experiments on Basic Panel (separately supplied) to study or demonstrate specific engineering principles.
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The set is supplied in plastics box. Tensile specimen is attached to the tensile test frame where load is a applied by a crew. This is part of Mechanical Engineering Test Series which provides sets for various experiments on Basic Panel (separately supplied) to study or demonstrate specific engineering principles. Load is measured by a dial indicator on the spring and specimen displacement is measured by a vernier.
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Oldham Coupling mechanism demonstrates relative angular motion in degrees between two shafts with parallel but displaced axes.
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Torsional Oscillations Apparatus mechanism demonstrates torsional oscillations of single or multi-rotor and or geared systems with low natural frequencies.
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The set is supplied in plastics box. Two parts beams with scale for bending moment and two parts beam with scale for shear force test with beam supports are used. Bending moment and shear force are calculated from spring balance readings, location of loads and weights. Crank And Toggle Set is part of Mechanical Engineering Test Series which provides sets for various experiments on Basic Panel (separately supplied) to study or demonstrate specific engineering principles. Loading is by load hangers and weights.
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A pendulum, a flywheel with string, a weight hanger and weights are used to demonstrate how energy is transferred from one from to another. The set is supplied in plastics box. Potential And Kinetic Energy Set is part of Mechanical Engineering Test Series which provides sets for various experiments on Basic Panel (separately supplied) to study or demonstrate specific engineering principles.
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The rotor is mounted horizontally on a frame with two bearing supports. The frame has a horizontal screw for installation of counter weight to provide a torque. The frame rests on a vertical shaft on bearings and driven by the precession motor via a belt. The Gyroscope Two Motors apparatus is used for studying relationship between gyroscopic torque, rotor speed and rate of precession. A guard with transparent front is provided for safety. The top assembly can be removed for determination experimentally the moment of inertia, and nutation study. The equipment consists of a rotor with a motor, and a power supply with speed control, counter weight, precession motor, and instruments for measurement of speeds and counter weight distance.
Experiments:
Determination of systems moment of inertia and nutation study.
Gyroscope torque vs. processional speed.
Rotor speed vs. gyroscope torque.
The input shaft is driven a motor dynamometer via a belt and pulleys. Speed is controlled by an inverter. The output shaft is attached to an eddy current absorber dynamometer. The Automotive Gear System Efficiency Manual Transmission apparatus is table top unit for studying an automotive gear system efficiency under different gear ratios and speeds. The system requires outside water supply for water brake absorber cooling. The unit is a bench top with adjustable footings. The system uses a manual automotive gear.
Experiments:
Effect of speed and load on efficiency.
Input power, output power and efficiency.
The system uses a manual automotive gear. The input shaft is driven a motor dynamometer via a belt and pulleys. Speed is controlled by an inverter. The output shaft is attached to an eddy current absorber dynamometer. The Automotive Gear Study Unit is for studying the acceleration of an automotive gear system as well as gear system efficiency under different gear ratios and speeds. The system requires outside water supply for water brake absorber cooling. The unit is on steel frame with adjustable footings. The gear output shaft is extended for a study of inertia of a mass and equivalent enertia of the gear system.
Experiments:
Equivalent inertia of the gear.
Effect of speed and load on efficiency.
Input power, output power and efficiency.
The set is supplied in plastics box. Flat plates are used for determination of center of gravity. Pulleys, cords and rings with load hangers and weights are used for force polygons. Forces Set is part of Mechanical Engineering Test Series which provides sets for various experiments on Basic Panel (separately supplied) to study or demonstrate specific engineering principles.
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Pulley, load hangers and weights measure the friction. An oil cup is provided for a study of lubrication effect. The set is supplied in plastics box. Friction materials includes a screw jack and bushing of different materials. Rotating Friction Set is part of mechanical Engineering Test Series which provides sets for various experiments on Basic Panel (separately supplied) to study or demonstrate specific engineering principles.
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Triple Epicyclic Gear Train mechanism demonstrates relative angular motion in degrees between four shafts with common axis using three epicyclic trains to produce two forward speeds and a reverse.
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Double Epicyclic Gear Train mechanism demonstrates relative angular motion in degrees between three shafts with common axis using two epicyclic trains to produce two forward speeds or a forward and a reverse.
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The first shafts has a cable drum for weight hanger. The apparatus has a transparent cover with interlocks for safety protection. The unit is steel frame with adjustable footings. The second shaft has an interchangeable inertia mass. A speed sensor monitors the mass speed. A motor dynamometer measures the gear system input power. This motor dynamometer drives the first shaft via an electric clutch. Speed is controlled by an inverter. The Comprehensive Geared System is used for studying the acceleration of a geared system as well as geared system efficiency under different gear ratios. For a study of acceleration of the geared system, a weight hanger provides torque on the cable drum and speed sensor can measure inertia mass velocity and acceleration. The Comprehensive Geared System consists of three shafts, two stage spur gear unit with two fixed gear and two sliding gear sets. All shafts rest on ball bearings on a steel frame. A mechanical brake dynamometer is attached to the third shaft for measurement of the gear system output power.
Experiments:
Input power, output power, and efficiency.
Effect of speed and load on efficiency.
Inertia of a mass and of a geared system.
The kit is supplied in plastics box. The kit includes belt and chain power transmission systems. Weights and load hangers are used for determination of mechanical advantage and efficiency. Belt And Chain Set is part of mechanical Engineering Test Series which provides sets for various experiments on Basic Panel (separately supplied) to study or demonstrate specific engineering principles.
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The set is supplied in plastics box. Coil spring(s) are attached to the test frame and load is applied to the spring(s). Spring extension is measured by a vernier. This is part of Mechanical Engineering Test Series which provides sets of various experiments on Basic Panel (separately supplied) to study or demonstrate specific engineering principles.
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The Simple Geared System consists four parallel shafts with fixed and sliding gears and supported by self aligned ball bearings on a base frame. The gear system is attached to a wall supported on two legs for weight hanger travel. By timing the fall of the weight hanger, the acceleration of the system can be calculated. The Simple Geared System is for studying the acceleration of a gear system under different gear ratios. Each pair of adjacent shafts has two transmission ratio, providing 8 different gear ratios between the first and the last shaft. A chord wound around a drum and the weight hanger provides a means of applying a torque. Inertia mass with torque drum is attached to each shaft. A sprocket and lock pin, and a winding handle are provided for raising the weights. All gears are enclosed in a casing with a transparent cover for safety.
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Diagram in the front panel with similar distribution to the elements in the real unit.
Anodized aluminum structure and panels in painted steel.
Main metallic elements in stainless steel.
Unit mounted on an anodized aluminum structure with panels made of painted steel.
Motor:
Speed range: 0-600 rpm.
A transparent protective cover, made of plastic, provides protection against the rotating parts and enables different experiments to be observed.
Five different path radii: 25mm, 50mm, 75mm, 100mm, 125mm.
Four different rotating weights (made of stainless steel) of 55g., 80g., 105g. and 130g.
The motor speed is controlled through the electronic console and the value of the speed is visualized in the digital display
Force sensor, range: 0-25N, resolution: 0.1N.
This unit is composed of:
Two outer discs made of aluminum.
A central disc made of acetal, located between both outer discs. Torque transmission is accomplished by mating drive keys of the central disc, located on opposite sides and oriented 90 degrees apart, with the slots of the outer discs. It acts as the torque transmitting element.
Both outer discs are mounted in two rotary elements with a graduated disc to read the angle.
Hooks Joint Mechanism
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Electronic control of boom via speed control knob
Speed of water jet diaplyed
Bench top base unit with adjustable feet
Protective dome covers rotating parts
Deflection of jet observed for varying rotational speed of boom
Comprehensive instruction manual for student and lecturer
All relevant tools and accessories provided
Coriolis force visually demonstrated
Water tank and jet rotated on boom.
Wheel And Differential Axle Unit
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This unit is composed of:
Two outer discs made of aluminum.
Torque transmission is accomplished by mating drive keys of the central disc, located on opposite sides and oriented 90 degrees apart, with the slots of the outer discs. A central disc made of acetal, located between both outer discs. It acts as the torque transmitting element.
Both outer discs are mounted in two rotary elements with a graduated disc to read the angle.
The unit is assembled in an anodized aluminum profile structure, with painted steel panel.
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Bench top unit.
Main metallic elements made of stainless steel.
Diagram in the panel with distribution of the elements similar to the real one.
Unit mounted on an anodized aluminum frame with painted steel panel.
Four interchangeable cams:
One concave cam.
One tangent cam.
Two circular cams with different radii of lateral curvature.
Both end fixed,
One end free and one end fixed etc. A variable speed motor is provided to drive the shaft along with speed control unit as the test is destructive, hence the shaft cannot be used again.
The set-up consists of a sturdy M.S. frame, variable speed motor bearing holders etc. The set up is designed to study the whirling of shafts. Different bearing can be fitted in bearing block to have different end conditions i.e.
The unit represents a planar central force system in which multiple forces act on a single point of application. The compression jib and the tension tie make up the jib crane, which is attached by adjustable clamping elements to a retaining bar. It consists of a bar of adjustable length (compression jib) and a chain (tension tie), which is adjustable, and both incorporate a spring balance to measure the bar forces in them.
The Unit for studying Forces in a Jib Crane is designed to study the tensile and compressive forces in a planar central force system based on the example of a jib crane.
Based on the example of a jib crane, forces are determined experimentally, theoretically and graphically: resultant cable force, tensile force and compressive force. The magnitudes and directions of the forces are graphically determined with a force parallelogram.
A weight holder and a set of weights apply loads to the jib crane through the junction of the compression jib and the tension tie.
Electronic control of boom via speed control knob
Speed of water jet diaplyed
Coriolis force visually demonstrated
Bench top base unit with adjustable feet
Comprehensive instruction manual for student and lecturer
Water tank and jet rotated on boom
Deflection of jet observed for varying rotational speed of boom
All relevant tools and accessories provided
Protective dome covers rotating parts.
Main metallic elements in stainless steel.
Diagram in the front panel with similar distribution to the elements in the real unit.
Anodized aluminum structure and panels in painted steel.
The worm gear wheel and worm are ball bearing-mounted. The forces are generated by the sets of weights and can be quickly and easily varied.
The transmission ratio of the gear can be determined. Permits investigations of the torques and the efficiency of the gear unit. Students learn the basic terminology of gearing in a simple manner: numbers of teeth; modulus; reference circle and axle base.
The well-structured instructional material outlines the technological fundamentals and provides a step-by-step guide through the experiments. The model is intended for wall mounting.
The mechanism is assembled in an anodized aluminium structure, with painted steel panel.
The bars, made of anodized aluminum, can be connected at different lengths using easy to fit knurled bolts.
The discs include a scale to measure the input and output angles accurately with the aid of a methacrylate indicator. The rotary motion of one of the discs is transferred through the bars and generates the rotary motion of the other disc. It is made of anodized aluminum and consists of two rotary elements (graduated discs) mounted on ball bearings.
This system contains bearings, flywheel and DC motor with variable speed. Easy to handle, this apparatus is preferred for its precise shape, easy to understand mechanism, application of latest technical knowledge, competitive price, low maintenance charge, sturdy construction and user friendly design. Whitworth Quick Return Mechanism is used for conversion of rotary motion into reciprocating movement at relatively slower rate than slider and crank. This apparatus is used to design equipments like mechanical actuator, screw press, shaper and power controlled saw.
Features:
Application specific design
Easy to handle
Simple to understand mechanism.
Borg Warner Automatic Transmission
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The main metallic elements are made of anodized aluminum.
The unit is a bench top-unit with an anodized aluminum profile structure, and painted steel panel.
The function of an automatic transmission is to change gears automatically without any human intervention.
Transmission consists of three coupled epicyclic gears sets. It will allow the students to carry out experiments of different gear ratios,as well as the torque conversions.
The unit has two graduated discs located at the input and output shafts, which will allow to check the velocity and torque rati os according to the application of the different brakes.
Automatic gearboxes have two differentiated parts: the torque converter and the transmission. The automatic transmission is formed, most importantly, by one or more planetary (epicyclic) gear sets, set of clutches, band brakes and pilot valves.
The unit simulates a Wilson Gear Box.
The epicyclic gears installed in the unit are the same and they consist of the following elements:
Common support of the satellites.
Sun gears.
Satellite gears set.
Ring.
The main metallic elements are made of anodized aluminum.
The unit is a bench top-unit with an anodized aluminum profile structure, and painted steel panel.
his unit is composed of:
A piston with a millimeter scale to measure the linear motion.
A vertical pivot links the rotary element (crank) and the piston.
A rotary element (crank) with a graduated disc to read the angle.
The equipment may be mounted vertically for demonstration purposes, or flat on the bench for experimental use. The crank length is adjustable, and the connecting rod length can be varied. Crankshaft rotation is measured by a rotating protractor scale and piston displacement is shown on a sliding scale. The apparatus shows the relationship between crank shaft rotation and piston displacement, for a fixed "cylinder".
This equipment is part of a range designed to both demonstrate and experimentally confirm basic engineering principles. Setting up time is minimal, and all measurements are made with the simplest possible instrumentation, so that the student involvement is purely with the engineering principles being taught. Great care has been given to each item so as to provide wide experimental scope without unduly complicating or compromising the design. Each piece of apparatus is self-contained and compact. A complete instruction manual is provided describing the apparatus, its application, experimental procedure and typical test results.
The designed for mechanical engineering and motor vehicle studies. It is used to demonstrate how a liquid can be used to transmit a force. This unit is mounted on an anodized aluminium structure and painted steel panel.
These three cylinders and the pressure gauge are connected in parallel. Using the on/off taps included in the circuit any of the cylinder units can be isolated from the system. The unit consists of three cylinders and plungers whose cross-section areas are in the ratio 1, 2 and 6.
The unit can also be used to carry out experiments to study the relationships between the force on the plungers, the cross sect ion area of the plungers and the fluid pressure in the system.
The mechanism able to transform circular movement into reciprocating movement. The unit is assembled in an anodized aluminum profile structure, with steel painted panel. It is made of aluminium and consists of a rotary element (graduated disk), called crank, connected to a rigid bar, called connecting rod. The rotation motion of a crank or crankshaft causes a rectilinear reciprocating motion of a piston or plunger. When rotating the crank, the connecting rod moves back and forward.
It is a reversible system through which the connecting rod can be displaced by turning the crank and the other way round. If the connecting rod generates the input motion (as a piston in a car's engine does), the crank is obliged to rotate.
This mechanism is a combination of an inversion of the slider-crank chain and slider block.
The apparatus consists of a steel shaft fixed in a rectangular frame. A set of four blocks with a clamping arrangement is provided. For static balancing, each block is individually clamped on shaft and its relative weight is found out using cord and container system in terms of number of steel balls. This equipment is designed for carrying out the experiment for balancing a rotation mass system. For dynamic balancing, a moment polygon is drawn using relative weights and angular and axial position of blocks is determined. The system is provided with angular and longitudinal scales and is suspended with chains for dynamic balancing. The block are clamped on shaft is rotated by a motor to check dynamic balance of the system.
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This unit is mounted on a metallic structure and may be wall mounted.
This unit has been designed to study a simple lifting mechanism and its use to determine the velocity ratio, mechanical advantages and efficiency.
The allows the demonstration of the relationship between these forces on front wheel drive, rear wheel drive, and four wheel drive.
This unit is mounted on an anodized aluminium and steel structure. A pin can be inserted in different positions to represent the centre of gravity of the car. A car model is supported on a beam load cell and has road wheels.
A load transfer between front and rear wheels takes place under conditions of braking or acceleration of a vehicle (a car for example).
The designed to demonstrate and study this load transfer.
This unit allows to carry out practices and experiments to study the relationship between the forces involved in car braking and acceleration.
The problem of load transfer occurs since the accelerating or braking force is not applied to the centre of gravity of the vehicle but to the point of contact of the wheels with the road.
Pulleys, weight and cords are used to apply different horizontal braking or acceleration and inertia forces to the car.
Bench-top unit supported by four legs. Besides, it is provided with four brackets to be suspended in the wall, which allows the experiments with weights to be carried out more easily.
The unit is assembled in an anodized aluminum structure with a painted steel panel.
his unit is mainly composed of:
The pinions are made of aluminum and are mounted on ball bearings to reduce of losses due to friction, making the practical exercises execution easy.
The shafts of the unit are made in stainless steel. The discs and gears are made in aluminum to facilitate the experiments.
2 Graduated discs located at the input and output shafts.
The epicyclic gears set, formed by:
Planet gears set.
Ring.
Sun gear.
Gears are distributed on different shafts (input shaft, right output shaft and left output shaft), which are mounted on ball bearings that will allow low inertia and a decrease of the losses due to friction. They are made of aluminum and their radius is 40mm. Both the input shaft and the output shafts have pulleys equipped with protractors with the aim of enabling the student to determine and verify the torque and speed ratios.
The is mounted on a frame consisting of aluminum profiles with panel made of painted steel, with legs that enable to locate it on an appropriate surface.
On the other hand, it also includes brackets that allow to hang the unit on a wall.
