The whole set is manufactured to a very high standard and is supplied with all necessary accessories including thermometers with reading lenses, measuring vessels and a general purpose set of four burners for town and coke oven gas, natural and methane gas, butane, propane, acetylene, ethylene and propylene. The two main items of equipment in the apparatus are the Boys non-recording gas calorimeter fitted with appropriate burners in the base, and a precision, Hyde type gas meter with a capacity of 2.0 litres/rev consisting of a specially designed measuring drum housed in a gas-tight casing and sealed with water.
Experimental Capability:
To determine the Gas Volume Factor of gaseous fuels.
To determine the Calorific Value C.V. of gaseous fuels.
Average Difference in Temperature.
To determine the Gas Temperature
Average Water Inlet Outlet Temperature.
The cooling water circuit is fitted with a flowmeter on the inlet and a flow control valve on the outlet side. Note that the unit must be arranged for contra flow - that is the exhaust gas and cooling water must flow through the heat exchanger in opposite directions. Exhaust Calorimeter comprises a multi-tube exhaust gas heat exchanger in which the exhaust gases pass through the tubes and the cooling water flows outside the tubes. An exhaust gas sampling point with shut off cock is provided. The instrumentation is sufficient to enable the heat content of the exhaust gases to be accurately determined. Temperature measuring points are provided for exhaust gas inlet and outlet, and cooling water inlet and outlet.
Features:
Can be utilised with a wide range of engines
Fully instrumented.
It comprises the calorimeter, a calorimeter vessel, an outer double walled water vessel, electric stirrer gear, combined motor control gear and ignition unit, a Beckman type thermometer, and a charging unit with pressure gauges to facilitate the charging of the calorimeter with oxygen. The equipment is self-contained with the control unit housed in an instrument case that forms the base. A Briquetting Press is available as an optional extra and an additional calorimeter can also be supplied. No spanners are required and in use the rubber joint is protected by water so it may be used over and over again. The particular features of the calorimeter are the method of sealing and the method of ensuring ignition. The body of the calorimeter is screwed into the base and a seal is made with a special rubber joint when the two parts are finger-tight only. In order to make ignition 100% sure, great care has been devoted to the method of anchoring the ignition wire and maintaining electrical contact and to the support of the crucible. All these parts are made to a high degree of precision and the results are very satisfactory.
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An exhaust gas calorimeter for use with Regenerative Engine Test Set. The engines are separately available. The equipment measures the heat content of exhaust gases and enables students to determine the energy lost to exhaust in the energy balance for single-cylinder, four-stroke petrol and diesel engines.
The main components of the Exhaust Gas Calorimeter are:
Control valve
Gas-to-water shell and multi-tube heat exchanger
Instrumentation unit the heat exchanger is mounted on asxturdy base plate. A hand-operatedvalve, which mounts on the control console of the test set, controls the flow of cooling water through the heat-exchanger jacket. Exhaust gases from the test engine mounted on the test set flow through the tubes. A jacket of constantly flowing cooling water surrounds the tubes, and the heat content of the gases is assessed by measuring the cooling water flow rate and the inlet and outlet temperatures. A turbine flow meter measures the flow rate. For safety, the heat exchanger also includes a pressure are lief valve in case insufficient cooling water is flowing. Thermocouples measure the temperature of gas and water at the inlet and outlet.
The Heat Release apparatus measures time to ignition, mass loss and heat-release rate (option) of specimens exposed in the horizontal orientation to controlled levels of irradiance with an external igniter.
On the front panel, the following are mounted:
Load cell controller
Tare button
Temperature Controller
Control switches comprising four red on/off push-button switches, which operate by firm pressure and light up when activated:
Ignition switches on the spark-generator circuit housed in the test chamber base
Load cell switches on the Newport controller
Power switches on mains electricity to the unit
Cone switches on the Eurotherm controller. This, in turn, energises a solid state relay, which switches the power to the cone heater (5kW)
Features:
Special split shutter mechanism is designed to prevent heating of the sample before the test is started
Fire model manufactured from stainless steel for long life
Three control thermocouples for the cone heater to maintain accurate heat flux
Sample weight measurement is by a strain gauge load cell with quick electronic tare facility
Control unit contains switches for power, ignition, load cell and cone heater
Spark assembly is used in conjunction with the shutter mechanism. Microswitches are fitted to the spark arm and the shutter mechanism for safe operation
Load cell controller with a weight-ranging facility to improve performance to suit weight of sample 0-500g
Temperature controller for ramp and control of cone heater.
The Cone Calorimeter has been produced to be the most compact and easily maintained unit in the marketplace. It fits into the smallest of labs and is easy to operate using the user-friendly, menu-driven software, which guides users through the calibration, testing and reporting protocols. The name of the cone calorimeter was derived from the shape of the truncated conical heater the designer, Babrauskas, used to irradiate the test specimen (100 × 100mm) at fluxes up to 100 kW/m2 in the bench-scale oxygen-depletion calorimeter that he and his co-workers developed.
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High Performance Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
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The steam bench includes an insulated separating calorimeter, equipped with a water level sight glass, connected via fixed orifice to a lagged throttling calorimeter which exhausts to a water cooled steam condenser. Separating and Throttling Steam Bench consists of a sturdy framework and panels of all steel construction, fitted with a student work surface, interconnecting back panel and adjustable feet. A manometer is provided for measuring the pressure inside the throttling calorimeter and thermocouples are provided for measuring steam supply and temperatures which may be individually selected for display on an analogue temperature meter.
Experimental Capability:
To determine the dryness fraction of steam i.e. The quantity of dry vapour present in any wet vapour mixture.
Mahler Calorimeter For Determining Heat Of Combustion allows to measure the heat from combustion of several substances such as both liquid and solid hydrocarbon fuels with low and high volatility.
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The calorific value is obtained by utilizing a heat exchanger where the products of combustion are cooled by a measured flow of water. Junkers Boys Calorimeter apparatus allows for the accurate determination of the calorific value of the main fuel gases which are used in the industry, such as butane, propane and methane. The system is supplied with manuals which describe all parts of the trainer, the installation and utilization procedures, as well as some exercises with the relative results. The burner is supplied with a complete set of interchangeable nozzles for the different types of gases.
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Measuring amplifier with digital displays
Connection between engine and calorimeter using exhaust gas hose
Determination of the amount of heat contained in the exhaust gas from test engines
Instrumentation: 4 temperature sensors, flow meter
Calorimeter consisting of finned pipe heat exchanger and insulated tank.
It is used for teaching demonstration and student experiment in group at middle school physics and is used to determine specific heat and electrothermal equivalent.
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