In conjunction with the load unit, the test engine is a complete engine test stand. The connection to the brake is made via a rotationally elastic coupling with a jointed shaft. The engine is attached to the load unit by fasteners. The engine used here is a four-cylinder diesel engine. It has its own closed cooling water circuit. A solid welded frame on rollers, with a vibration-insulated base plate, carries the entire setup. Hazardous areas such as hot surfaces and rotating parts are covered with perforated plates.
Learning Objectives/Experiments:
In conjunction with load unit
Energy balances
Overall engine efficiency
Plotting of torque and power curves
Determination of volumetric efficiency and lambda (fuel-air ratio)
Determination of specific fuel consumption.
Oscillating Cylinder Apparatus at the other end of the crankshaft is a slider that runs in a swivelling housing. A linear scale mounted to this housing ensures accurate readings of the piston displacement. On the left of the base is a large rotating protractor scale 'Crank' that rotates on a shaft and bearing arrangement. The increments on the protractor match with a indicator that ensure accurate reading of the angular movement of the scale. Oscillating Cylinder Apparatus a comprehensive instruction manual for lecturer and student, giving full details on apparatus assembly and operation as well as example results. Oscillating Cylinder Apparatus comprises a sturdy base plate, which can be mounted vertically for demonstration purposes or flat for experimental use. Integral to this protractor are varying radius positions used for locating the crankshaft. An input disc can houses a crank pin, which can be fixed at various radii across the input disc face.
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The engine can be operated as an external ignition petrol engine or an auto-ignition diesel engine. The mode of operation can be changed by a few simple conversion steps. This allows the compression ratio to be adjusted over a wide range. The key feature is that the cylinder has been modified so that its height can be adjusted along with that of the cylinder head. Major technical modifications have been made to a standard water-cooled single cylinder engine to allow demanding issues in engine technology to be investigated by experiment.
Learning Objectives/Experiments:
Influence of ignition point on fuel consumption, power output, efficiency and exhaust gas composition
Comparison of diesel and petrol cycles
Plotting of torque and power curves
Determination of volumetric efficiency and lambda (fuel-air ratio)
Energy balances
Determination of friction loss (in passive mode)
Determination of specific fuel consumption
Determination of efficiency
Influence of compression on fuel consumption,
Power output, efficiency and exhaust gas composition.
This piston also has an in-built pressure relief valve. The oil from the relief valve returns to the pump reservoir connection by means of flexible pipe. The first piston is located axially; it extends beyond the end of the tube and is drilled to suit a pressure gauge and a high pressure flexible rubber hose connecting the hand operated pressure pump to the unit.
The thin cylinder unit and hand operated pump are mounted on a bench-top base plate.
A thin wall tube contains two pistons.
The cylinder unit which is resting on the four pins is supported on a frame and located axially by a fixed stop and an adjustable stop.
The second piston is free to move axially within the tube, but its travel out wards is limited by a plate and end-cap.
Maximum test pressure: 40 bar.
Technical data about the thin cylinder unit:
Reservoir Capacity: 75 cm3
Pre-set relief valve setting: 450psi approx.
Cylinder material: Aluminium alloy.
Recommended oil: Castor oil
Gauge Factor: 2.0
Pressure gauge (Manometer): 0-50 bar.
Strain gauges: Foil type.
Cylinder mould dia.160x320 mm.
Weight 2560 g
Operated clutch
Function of thebleeding of the unit
Function and interaction of the master cylinder and slavecylinder of a hydraulically
Carbon Dioxide Cylinder
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Gas Cylinder Trolley
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Compressometer For Cylinders dia. 100x200mm; dia. 112,8x220mm; dia. 4x8.
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Foreseen of lateral hinges for total opening and fast clamping system with inbuilt revolving screw. Steel made, galvanized finishing against corrosion. Complete with base they are easy to use with practical and fast demoulding recommended for field use.
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Hydraulic cylinder with hydraulic pump to generate pressure
Hermetically sealed hydraulic system, maintenance-free
Investigation of the stresses and strains in a thick-walled cylinder under internal pressure
Strain gauge application at various radial points in the groove and on the cylinder surface
Two-part cylinder with flat groove.
Steel Cylinder Mould Dia. 159,6 X 320 Mm
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Fluid Pressure Apparatus Spouting Cylinder
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Hydraulic cylinder with hydraulic pump to generate pressure
Hermetically sealed hydraulic system, maintenance-free
Investigation of the stresses and strains in a thin-walled cylinder under internal pressure
Strain gauge application on cylinder surface at various angles
Cylinder usable as open pipe or as closed tank
The Stirling Cycle Hot Air Engine Vertical Cylinders unit is for demonstration of stirling cycle hot air engine principles. Instruments are provided for measurement of input power, and output power. The advantage of this design is the ability to bring the engine to operating condition in a short time.The engine consists of two vertical stainless steel cylinders. The first cylinder is to generate hot air using a heater. Power to the heater can be varied. The second cylinder is to generate a mechanical power using hot air from the first cylinder. Both cylinders are attached to a common shaft, with a suitable flywheel.
Experiments:
Output and efficiency vs speed for a given input power.
Torque vs speed for a given input power.
Including black box, frosted glass, round hole plate with different diameter, square hole palte and triangle hole plate.
The plate can be changed.
Compression machine 3000 KN motorized with control unit, to test blocks max. 500x300 mm, cubes up to 300 mm side and cylinders up to dia. 160x320 mm
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Compression machine 3000 KN motorized 1 gauge to test cubes up to 200 mm side and cylinders up to dia. 160x320 mm.
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Diesel engines work by compressing only the air. This increases the air temperature inside the cylinder to such a high degree that atomised diesel fuel that is injected into the combustion chamber ignites spontaneously. The diesel engine (also known as a compression-ignition or CI engine), named after Rudolf Diesel, is an internal combustion engine in which ignition of the fuel which isinjected into the combustion chamber is caused by the elevated temperature ofthe air in the cylinder due to mechanical compression (adiabatic compression).
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