The cooling is obtained by giving heat to the exterior in the zone around the compressor. The cooled fluid expands in the expansion valve and in the evaporator and is transformed in gas. The compressor activated by the engine compresses the refrigerant which consequently warms up; in the condenser the working fluid is cooled until it reaches the liquid phase. To cool the external air refrigerating compressor based systems are exclusively used. The heat necessary for such transformation is subtracted from the entering cool air.
The simulator analyzes all the phases of the refrigeration cycle. In particular:
Relations between temperature and pressure in the refrigerant
Pressure switches
Temperature regulation
Operation of the compressor
Operation of the condenser.
The practice kit provides the material necessary for students to systematically learn how components can be joined together in a professional way using pins. Both flat and cylindrical parts are pinned together. We recommend that the exercises are carried out in a workshop, as all preparations such as scribing, drilling, clamping, reaming and joining must be carried out in a correct and proper manner by the student. The material is clearly laid out on a plastic tray. The well-structured instructional material outlines all the necessary technical information and provides a step-by-step guide through the exercises.
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Main metallic elements in stainless steel.
Diagram in the front panel with similar distribution to the elements in the real unit.
Bench-top unit.
Anodized aluminum frame and panels of painted steel.
Adsorption column with hot water jacket for temperature control
Hot water generator with pumps and electronic thermostat
3x electro-pneumatic converters
2 Thermal mass flow meters with 4
3x pneumatic manual control valves
20 mA output signal
6x digital thermocouples with pt100 probes protected by stainless steel shield sleeves
Infrared transmitter
Pressure transmitter
Electrical control panel in main cabinet with earth leakage circuit breaker
Pipework manufactured from stainless steel
Microprocessor digital PID controller with serial card
Emergency stop button
Supervision and control software for Windows.
The compression can be clearly demonstrated. The differential and one brake drumfor the parking brake are cut away. The construction of the axle with its five links is easily distinguished by the use of colour markings. The axle is complete with brake calipers, brake disks, axle shafts, springs and shock absorbers.
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Commercial Refrigeration Unit With Fault Simulation device can be used to train students to master the theoretical knowledge and practice skills of the commercial refrigeration system.
Features:
Mobile refrigeration unit with normal cooling stage and deep-freezing stage
Built in faults set module.
Individual and parallel operation of the cooling stages possible
Cooling stages: insulated chambers with air-cooled evaporators
Selection of cooling stage via solenoid valves
Semi-hermetic piston compressor, air-cooled condenser
All fans are speed-controlled.
N° 3 sets of deflectometers (without dial gauges)
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Max. Cutting Dia. For Vertical Tool Post: 2500mm 3150mm 4000mm 5000mm
Working table diameter: 2250mm 2830mm 3200mm 4000/4500mm
Max. height of work-piece: 1600/2000mm 1600/2000mm 2000/2500mm 2500/3150mm
Max. weight of work-piece: 10 to 20Ton 10 to 20Ton 20Ton 32/50Ton
Working table range of rotation speed: 2 to 63rpm 2 to 63rpm 2 to 63rpm 0.6-25.4rpm
Working table step of rotation speed: 16 steps 16 steps 16 steps stepless
Horizontal travel of tool post: 1400mm 1650mm 2150mm 2550mm
Crossbeam travel: 1250/1650mm 1250/1650mm 1650/2150mm 2150mm
Power of main motor: 55kw 55kw 55kw 75kw
Weight of machine(approx.): 41/43 Ton 43/45 Ton 45/46 Ton 57/80 Ton
This property is successfully used also in physiotherapy, where Ultrasound have demonstrated a remarkable curative validity in several affections, such as arthritis, lumbagos, articular stiffness and many others. The penetration power of Ultrasound in the tissues of the human body has revolutionized the field of medical diagnostics.
Circuit blocks of Ultrasound Therapy
Typical circuit used in Ultrasound Therapy
Main applications of the Ultrasound Therapy.
Theoretical topics of Ultrasound Therapy
Method of application
Oscillators
Ultrasound
Medical applications of Ultrasound
Power supply switching.
Heat conduction is one of the three basic forms of heat transfer. Basic experiments for targeted teaching on the topic of heat conduction in fluids. Such teaching should discuss the fundamental differences between gases and liquids. According to the second law of thermodynamics, heat is always transferred from the higher energy level to the low energy level.
Features:
Effect of different fluids on heat conduction.
The basic module includes the electrical equipment and the components for the Level control. The Modular Process Control Trainer system is a modular and low cost trainer based on Personal Computer and suitable to study the Process Control techniques. It is possible to carry out the laboratory activity in an extremely productive way using the potential of a Personal Computer. Some additional kits allow to fulfill the Flow, Pressure, Temperature, pH and conductibility control by using most of the basic module components.
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Distillation column and distillation bridge with liebig condenser
Electrical bottom heating via pid controller
Operation as continuous or discontinuous process using 2 three-way valves
Glass extraction column
Water jet pump for reduction of evaporation temperature during distillation
Liquid-liquid extraction in counter flow operation with distillation for enrichment of the extract
2 valves for adjusting the phase boundary
2 pumps to deliver the feed and solvent
Stainless steel tanks for feed, solvent, raffinate, extract and top product (distillation)
Distillation column packed with Raschig rings.
Diagram in the front panel with similar distribution to the elements in the real unit.
Anodized aluminum structure and panels in painted steel.
Main metallic elements in stainless steel.
The unit consists of three members, three node discs and a set of weights with a weight holder. Each member is formed by a longitudinally bar, a spring and a dial gauge. These bars can form numerous simple bar structures with different angles. The bar forces occurring during the exercises are measured by the deformation of the springs situated in the middle of the bar with the dial gauges.
The Unit for studying Forces in a Simple Bar Structure represents a simple bar structure that allows the measurement of bar forces and the comparison of the experimental results with the calculations and the graphical method.
The set of weights and a weight holder are used to apply external load in the upper disc of the simple bar structure.
The method of joints and the calculations are used to determine the bar forces in the different bar structure to compare with the experimental results.
The members are joined by three node discs such that the joints can move freely. Snap-locks allow to engage the bars in the discs. Two of the discs also form the support of the simple bar structure, it can move freely and is fixed to the section base of the unit.
A mark on the Simple Flywheel Apparatus and a pointer on the bracket enables the revolutions to be counted and timed with the stop watch supplied. From the timings of a known number of revolutions, students can then verify the expeirmental capabilities of the apparatus. A steel disc Ø250mm diameter and 30mm thick is mounted on a shaft running in precision bearings housed in a substantial wall bracket. A cord, load hanger and set of weights are provided to start the flywheel rotating.
Experimental Capabilities:
To compare experimental and calculated moments of inertia of a disc
To study the energy transformations and to demonstrate that a flywheel can be used to store energy
To verify the second law of motion applied to a flywheel, ie the relationship between torque and angular acceleration
A Double-Compressor Air Conditioning Cycle Training Bench for studying the theoretical and practical aspects of the air conditioning cycle and the control of two compressors operating at different powers.
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A dye injection system allows four dye lines to be generated which highlights visualisation of flow lines and allows flow nets to be drawn for seepage analysis. Scales on the front panel assist in the preparation of models. Permeability Apparatus consists of a framed glass tank, of internal dimensions 1900 mm long by 530 mm high and 130 mm front to back. The base of the tank incorporates fourteen pressure tappings at 100 mm pitch, the tappings are specially designed to prevent the ingress of sand particles. Flexible tubes connect the tappings to two multitube manometer banks scaled 0 to 500 mm, for measure-ment of the water table height along the tank. The tank is mounted on a fabricated steel frame fitted with castors and levelling feet. The front, back and ends of the tank are of clear toughened glass giving scratch free visibility without the risk of abrasion of the inner surfaces by the permeable medium. Scales on the front panel assist in the preparation of models and in the prepara-tion and recording of flow nets. Washed silica sand graded 0.2 mm to 1.0 mm should be used as the permeable medium which must either be ordered separately from supplied by the end user. Coarser material may also be used. An activated carbon decolourising filter is provided in the sump tank to prevent the progressive dis-colouration of the water by prolonged use of dye.
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A combination of cross sectioned cutways, as fabricated and well selected audio visuals make teaching an easier task. Complete with 5 forward speeds and reverse. As part of the specilization, hese cutways available based on different models.
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With the Solar Position Tracking System trainer, it is possible to monitor the most meaningful parameters of the sun tracker and to compare them with the expected optimal setting according to the actual sun position.
Features:
Humidity sensor
Compass sensor.
Automatic or manual tracking.
Protection against gust.
Temperature sensor.
Intended use:
Applicable for molecular/PCR & sterile microbiological works.
Various clinical laboratory usage conditions including; Sample/reagent preparation, incubation, centrifugation, vortex, cold storage.
