This bench top unit is designed for a study of mixed multi stage process dynamics. A drain tank under each reactor and a dead time coil are provided. Conductivity probes are fitted to each reactor for monitoring the process. Instruments are provided for indicating reagent flow rate and conductivity. The unit consists of three reactor vessels connected in series. Each reactor has a variable speed agitator. Two reagent vessels, each with a reagent pump and a flow meter, feed the reagents to the first reactor. Piping connection allows the reagents to be fed directly to any reactor.
Experiments:
Study of dynamic process for stirred tank reactors in series.
Influence of flow rate.
Study of chemical reaction in three tank system.
Study of time constant using a dead-time coil.
A system of solenoid and manual valves enables the desired configuration to be chosen, to simulate the most commonplace faults and to section the circuit during maintenance operations. The Modular Trainer On Refrigerator System enables the study of refrigerator systems based on different types of compressor (hermetic, semi-hermetic, open) and expansion systems (thermostatic valve, thermo-pressure valve, capillary tube). The system uses CFC-free refrigerant fluid Freon R134a (HFC) and includes measuring instruments to monitor operating parameters and test the refrigerator circuit. Modular Trainer On Refrigerator System uses air condensers (one for each compressor) and an air evaporator and includes a defrosting system based on electric resistances operated by a timer.
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Demonstrations:
Function of the locking mechanism in the case of wheel spin
Function of the thrust rings and friction disks
Function of the axle drive (bevel gear - differential ringgear)
Function of the differential when cornering.
Features:
Suitable for HCFC and HFC refrigerants and blends
Spare parts for 1 year including 5 replaceable filters
Overpressure protection system
3/4 HP compressor
Compact and easy to carry
OFP feature
Replaceable filter
Size: 465*225*360mm
Slump Cone Plastic complete set including:
Tamping rod, galvanized steel dia. 16 x 600 mm
Base plate, galvanized steel
Slump Cone, plastic Weight: 750 g
Aluminium scoop, 500 cc capacity
Stainless steel rule, 300 mm long
Fine wire brush
Max. Cutting Dia. For Vertical Tool Post: 1000mm 1250mm 1600mm 2000 mm
Max. Cutting Dia. For sideway tool past: 1000mm 1100 mm 1400mm 1800mm
Table dia.: 900mm 1000mm 1400mm 1800mm
Max. Work height: 800mm 1000mm 1000mm 1250mm
Max. work load: 2000 Kg. 3200Kg. 5000Kg. 8000Kg.
Table speed range: 16/8-250rpm 16/6.3-200rpm 16/5-160rpm 16/4-125rpm
Feed range for both tool past: 0.9-103 0.8-86 0.8-86 0.8-86
Horizontal travel for vertical tool past: 670mm 700mm 900mm 1110mm
Vertical travel for vertical tool past: 650mm 650mm 800mm 800mm
Horizontal travel for sideway tool past: 500mm 500mm 650mm 630mm
Vertical travel for vertical tool past: 810mm 900mm 900mm 1110mm
Ram travel: 580mm 650mm 650mm 650mm
Main motor power: 22kW 22kW 22kW 30kW
Machine Weight: 7100Kg. 8500Kg. 13000 Kg. 17500Kg.
Capacitive Load Bank
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Safety devices show how the drinking water pipework is protected against the backflow of waste water. A typical household drinking water installation is fitted to the panel. A small electrical boiler for hot water and a circulation pipe with the related components demonstrate the heating of domestic hot water from the cold water supplied.
Learning objectives/experiments:
Reversible flow filter
Backflow preventer / system separator
Function and operation of components
Water meter
Circulating pump
Thermal discharge safety device
Pressure reducing valve with and without
Pressure vessel with heater
System of safety devices.
Pressure Control And Regulation Study Unit makes it possible to analyse the behavior of a control loop where the controlled quantity is the pressure of the air ina tank. Pressure control is one of the main problems encountered in factory automation and process control. Students can examine the effects of the different control parameters on the performance of the control chain and on the stability of the system; furthermore, they can become familiar with the components commonly adopted in modern industrial applications, as the system is entirely made of industrial quality components. With this trainer, all the tests can be performed through a Personal Computer and a special software for Windows. This makes the problem of choosing the most suitable control technique very interesting. Compared to other quantities such as the level or the temperature the pressure varies as a function of the regulating signal in a very quick way.
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Water circuit with tank, heater, temperature controller, pump and low water cut-off for heating and cooling (with wl 110.20 water chiller)
Supply unit for 6 different chemical reactor types
Connection of the reactors via hoses with quick-release couplings
Temperature control of the reactants and reactors
5 peristaltic pumps to deliver the reactants and products
2 combined sensors for measuring the conductivity and temperature
3 glass tanks for reactants and products.
Features:
Incorporates widely used industrial PID controller.
Temperature/time profile set-point ramp facility
Fuzzy and adaptive tuning
PID with alarm and relay outputs
Configuration in engineering units
Serial communications RS232 and RS485
Alternative control algorithm
Dual set-points
Introduction to SCADA, (supervision of the controller by a PC) using Windows based serial communication software.
Pulley, load hangers and weights measure the friction. An oil cup is provided for a study of lubrication effect. The set is supplied in plastics box. Friction materials includes a screw jack and bushing of different materials. Rotating Friction Set is part of mechanical Engineering Test Series which provides sets for various experiments on Basic Panel (separately supplied) to study or demonstrate specific engineering principles.
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Free And Forced Vibration Unit
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Center of gravity of a freely suspended two-dimensional object always lies along the line drawn vertically downward from its point of suspension. A simple and economical apparatus for demonstration of geometrical center of gravity of two-dimensional objects. Each lamina has suspension holes along their periphery. The point of intersection of lines drawn from point of suspension of 2 or more holes of a lamina gives center of gravity of that 2-dimensional lamina. Comprises a clear perspex rod mounted on a base with a suspension screw at the top and four laminas of clear acrylic 1 each of circular, triangular, square and trapezoidal.
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Pressure measurement: Electronic transducers and digital display
Power, speed and torque measurement:
From Universal Dynamometer
Nett dimensions and weight (assembled):
2300 mm x 1060 mm x 1530 mm and 200 kg
Packed volume and weight:2.4 m3 and approximately 300 kg
Nominal Fan Diameter: 400 mm
Flow rate: 1.7 m3.s1
Experiments:
Introduction to limit state design
Relationship between maximum loading and plastic hinge formation for a simply supported beam, a propped cantilever and a fixed beam
Relationship between load and deflection for beams loaded to the plastic condition
Introduction to form factor.
Computer interface unit and software are included. Universal Structural Frame or Universal Base Frame, Force Indicator and computer are required but separately supplied. The Shear Force And Bending Moment Computer Interface set has the same accessories as except two spring balance are replaced by two load cells.
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The Cam Analysis consists of 3 interchangeable cams and 2 different cam followers. The cams are rotated using a electronically controlled motor and pulley gear arrangement. A large inertia mass is connected between the motor and cam to ensure consistent running at various speeds. Bench top apparatus to demonstrate the dynamic investigation of cam mechanisms, as used in motors for actuation of the valves.
On top of the shaft can be attached a number of removable masses which allow the valve mass to be changed. The follower attaches to a vertically moving shaft which simulates the valve itself.
Experimental Capabilities:
Determination of the limiting speed and its comparison with the theoretical value
Comparison of the various cam designs
Elevation curve for a bouncing pick-up
Relationship between cam and spring force
Elevation curves supplied by unsuitable pick-ups.
The is designed to connect to the to expand the experimental capability.
The has been designed and manufactured to incorporate all current safety standards.
A Computer Controlled Thermodynamic Cycle of a Screw Compressor training plant for studying the energy transfer in a compressed air system.
It includes industrial sensors and transducers.
The is controlled by a PC and software.
Experiments:
Determining the polytropic index
Calculating the effective average pressure of the compressor
Analysing the pressure / volume diagram of the first and second stages of the compressor by experiment
Checking the operation of the safety devices:
For detailed study of the air characteristics it is necessary to connect the ACV85 to the ACV90 Compressed Air Dehumidification Training Plant
Using a T-s diagram for air to determine the characteristics of the thermal cycles by experiment.
The profile of the vortex formed at the top of the vessel is determined by a gauge, housed on a diametrically mounted bridge piece, which measures the diameter of the vortex at various depths. Free and Forced Vortex Unit for the study of the shape of 'free and forced vortices' consists of a 250 mm diameter cylindrical, transparent vessel 180 mm depth, having two pairs of diametrically opposed inlet tubes of 9.0 mm and 12.5 mm diameter. The 12.5 mm diameter inlet tubes which are angled at 15° to the diameter, so that a swirling motion is imparted to the liquid entering the vessel, are used as entry tubes for the free vortex experiment. The input water from these tubes impinges on a simple two blade paddle which acts as a stirrer/flow straightener. The water 'leaves' the vessel via the 12.5 mm diameter angled tubes which are used as the 'entry' tubes for the free vortex experiment. The two bladed paddle rotates on a vertical shaft supported by a bushed plug, in the hole used as the outlet for the free vortex experiment, and located at the top by a suitable hole in the bridge piece fitting across the diameter of the vessel. A smooth outlet is centrally positioned in the base of the vessel and a set of push-in orifices of 24, 16, 12 and 8 mm diameter is supplied to reduce the outlet diameter to a suitable value. This gives the co-ordinate points required to plot the vortex profile. The forced vortex is created in the vessel described above by using as the inlet the 9 mm bore tubes which are angled at 60° to the diameter. This bridge piece also houses the probes required to determine the co-ordinates of the vortex profile to be measured.
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