Corrosion damage to metallic components causes considerable economic and technical damages. The issue of corrosion and corrosion protection therefore plays an important role in technical training.
Features:
Electrochemical corrosion (local elements)
Corrosion protection with external voltage and sacrificial anodes
Principles of corrosion and corrosion protection on metallic materials
Oxygen corrosion
Learning Objectives And Experiments:
Corrosion behaviour of different metallic materials (rust / passivation)
Oxygen corrosion
Corrosion protection
External voltage
Formation of local elements
Influence of pH value of the electrolyte solution
Influence of salt concentration in the electrolyte solution
Sacrificial anodes
Protective layers.
Laminar And Viscous Flow Heat Transfer Unit is allowed to take place between oil and water in a concentric tube. The oil is raised to a maximum temperature of 90°C in a tank fitted with an electric heating element. Control is by a panel mounted digital PID controller and the maximum temperature is limited by a separate thermostat for operator safety. Oil flowing in the inner tube is supplied by an international oil company and has a kinematic viscosity at 70°C, of 8x10-6 m2 s-1. As it flows downwards, the oil is cooled as heat is transferred to the flow of cooling water which surrounds the core tube. The heated oil is pumped from the tank into the core tube of the diagonally mounted concentric tube heat exchanger.
Experimental Capabilities:
Determination of surface heat transfer coefficients on both the oil and water sides and of the overall heat transfer coefficient.
Demonstration of a simple concentric tube heat exchanger with con-current and counter-current flow.
Simple energy balance for a heat exchanger.
Included accessories:
Pitot tube and level meter.
Thin edged wall weir without contraction.
Four-column pressure gauge.
Radial gate.
Vertical gate.
The equipment is self-contained and may be bench-mounted in either the classroom or laboratory by virtue of its portability.
A model undershot weir and bridge pier are included for local erosion demonstrations.
A transparent, inclinable flow channel through which water can be re-circulated by a pump over a mobile bed to demonstrate the whole range of bedforms from incipient particle movement to bed wash-out.
The working section of the channel is 1.55m long, 78mm wide and 110mm deep.
A water level gauge is supplied to calibrate the overshot weir.
Three different discharge rates can be selected (and measured) within the range 0.2 to 0.6 litres/sec.
The channel slope can be adjusted within the range 0-10%.
Description:
The unit consists of an inclinable channel mounted on a frame, together with a discharge tank and recirculating pump. The channel slope is adjusted by means of a fine screw jack to which an accurate slope indicator is attached. To commence a demonstration, sand is placed evenly along the channel bed, between the inlet tank and the overfall discharge weir. The channel sides are transparent in order that bed profile changes can be observed, and a section of one side is provided with graphical grid markings to permit quantitative assessments to be made of bedform dynamics. Water is circulated around the system at one of the three selectable flow rates.
The DC motor speed controller is built with a single phase semi-controlled thyristor bridge suitable for the control of the speed of independently excited DC motors by regulating the conduction period in open and closed loop. The DC motors are used in a wide variety of industrial drives, such as robots, machine tools, oil drilling rigs, mining, automotive systems, etc. The controller consists of three control loops: speed, current and armature voltage. Their speed can be easily adjusted in very fine increments ranging from standstill to rated speed and even above and their construction is made rather complex than their AC counterparts by the fact that they need acommutator, which reverses the direction of current and fluxes to produce a net torque.
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In Gas Absorption Trainer With DCS Control trainer, an air CO2 mixture emulates the raw gas stream and CO2, the acid gas. The amine is regenerated and recycled through the process. The Gas Absorption Trainer With DCS Control is equipped with industry typical process measurement and control devices, providing a realistic training environment in which the students are exposed to many available technologies. The separation of gas mixtures and recovery of the components usually involves a regenerable absorbent. In the natural gas processing industry sulfur compounds and CO2 are removed by absorption by an aqueous amine solution. The trainer is controlled from a distributed control system.
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Manufactured wholly in stainless steel and bench mounted, the vat ishygienic in use. Water is circulated around the vat jacket at apre-selectable temperatures by an internal pump. It has a removable paddle agitator of stainless steel, drivenby a variable speed motor.
Digital display of temperatureof vat contents and water temperature
Agitator stop/start and variablespeed control
The control system incorporates
Digital display of ph of vat contents
Integrated data logger with USBoutput
A specially designed perforated strainer fits into the vat outlet tofacilitate efficient draining.
Automatic control of agitatorspeed, temperatures and times for up to six steps
The ph and temperature probes are suspended in the vat contents from abracket on the rim of the vat.
The elements of a typical Supplemental Restraint System are: a system controller, a frontal airbag, a passengers airbag, side airbags, tensioners and sensors of side crashes. SRS AIRBAG System demonstration panel represents the AIRBAG System construction allowing evaluation of its parameters.
These elements enable diagnosing of the system.
The used sub-assemblies enable the diagnosis of the Supplemental Restraint System and of the modern control panel where the SRS AIRBAG System warning lamp is located.
The panel is equipped with an engine diagnostic connector for the installing of the diagnostic device, which enables the reading and the erasing of breakdown codes and current parameters plus the control of the control panels indicators and many other functions.
The fault simulation console enables the creation of breakdowns in selected circuits and the observation of the reaction of the control system to the occurred conditions.
This experimental unit forms part of a series of teaching systems developed in collaboration with the Department of Automation and Information Technology at the Harz University of Applied Studies and Research. A rotary encoder determines the position of the vehicle from the rotation of its wheels. This in turn activates an actuator, the drive motor on the vehicle. A vehicle with an inverted rod pendulum acts as a mechanical multi-variable system. A fuzzy control moves the rod pendulum to the centre position, where it is held in position, and at the same time controls the position of the vehicle. A joystick can be used to control the system manually. This allows the degree of difficulty of the control process to be estimated very accurately. The control process is made more difficult by the fact that the vehicle can only move to a limited extent from its original position.
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The hot water circulator system connected to the column jacket enables automatic control of temperature adsorption to a set point value.
A benchtop unit comprising a vacuum formed ABS plastic plinth with integral electrical console onto which is mounted the stainless steel, packed fixed bed adsorption column, hot water circulation system and infrared detector.
Gas feed flow rate can be controlled between 0 and 5 l/min.
An exhaust gas calorimeter for use with Regenerative Engine Test Set. The engines are separately available. The equipment measures the heat content of exhaust gases and enables students to determine the energy lost to exhaust in the energy balance for single-cylinder, four-stroke petrol and diesel engines.
The main components of the Exhaust Gas Calorimeter are:
Control valve
Gas-to-water shell and multi-tube heat exchanger
Instrumentation unit the heat exchanger is mounted on asxturdy base plate. A hand-operatedvalve, which mounts on the control console of the test set, controls the flow of cooling water through the heat-exchanger jacket. Exhaust gases from the test engine mounted on the test set flow through the tubes. A jacket of constantly flowing cooling water surrounds the tubes, and the heat content of the gases is assessed by measuring the cooling water flow rate and the inlet and outlet temperatures. A turbine flow meter measures the flow rate. For safety, the heat exchanger also includes a pressure are lief valve in case insufficient cooling water is flowing. Thermocouples measure the temperature of gas and water at the inlet and outlet.
Forced Convection Heat Transfer apparatus allows students to examine the theory and associated formulae related to forced convection in pipes. It is a frame holding a motor-driven fan, piping and instrumentation panel. A basic knowledge of forced convection heat transfer theory is valuable in many engineering fields, especially heat-exchanger design. It also has a large work surface for student convenience. The fan runs at a constant speed and draws air through a control valve. A larger manometer on the instrument panel measures the fan pressure drop. The u-shaped pipe connects to a smaller diameter insulated and electrically heated copper test pipe. The air then moves into a u-shaped pipe.An orifice plate in the pipe connects to a manometer on the instrumentation panel to measure the airflow rate. The test pipe discharges to atmosphere. Pressure tappings each end of the test pipe connect to amanometer on the instrument panel to measure test length pressure drop. Students control the power input to the test pipe heater using a variable transformer while noting the power using instrumentation on the panel. Further thermocouples measure temperature at various points within the test pipe insulation. Students use a digital indicator on the instrumentation panel to display thermocouple temperature readings. A thermometer measures the air temperature at the inlet to the test pipe.Thermocouples measure the temperature at various points along the test pipe wall.
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Features:
The equipment that you assemble will transmit voice from one point to another, using light traveling through an optical fiber.
The experiment of shows you how easy it is to make productive use of fiber optic materials.
With four different data transmission ways (self module
Transmission, and module-to-PC transmission).
Transmission, module-to-module transmission, PC-to-module.
Mechanical Systems 2 Learning System teaches vital industrial skills including how to design, install, operate, and analyze basic mechanical transmission systems using components like chains, v-belts, spur gears, bearings, shafts, and couplings. Mechanical Systems 2 Learning System teaches the fundamentals of mechanical transmission systems used in areas such as industrial, agricultural, and mobile applications. Common real-world applications of mechanical transmission systems include drive shafts on cars and air compressors.
The Mechanical Systems 2 Learning System features a variety of real-world mechanical components such as a 1/3 Hp constant speed motor, v-belt, roller chain, and a digital tachometer. In addition to hands-on skill building, learners study the mathematical theory behind mechanical applications such as calculating mechanical power, mechanical efficiency, and the shaft speed and torque of a belt drive system. Learners use these components to practice hands-on skills such as mounting a motor to a work surface, assembling a v-belt and roller chain drive systems, and measuring motor speed.
Features:
Rigid Work Surface for Precision Alignment
Interactive Multimedia
Prony Brake for Testing Load
Mechanical Guard Assembly.
This trainer contains advanced networking arrangement, distributed control section and process controlling system. It can efficiently regulate hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder. Programmable Logic Controller Trainer PLC has extensive application in automobile, refrigeration, steel manufacturing, textile machine production and glass industries. It is offered as per customers preference on expansion module and PLC type. PC based operation has contributed to its user friendly design. Designed by skilled technocrats, this trainer PLC serves as the reliable option to comprehend complex theories of programmable logic controller. On board IR switches is one of its main factors. We are a prestigious manufacturer and exporter of excellent grade Programmable Logic Controller Trainer PLC. We are a distinguished supplier and manufacturer of Programmable Logic Controller Trainer PLC.
Features:
Advanced design
Convenient to maintain
Easy to understand mechanism
Simple to handle.
The Mass Transfer And Diffusion Coefficients Unit allows to study the gaseous end liquid diffusion phenomena. It is very simple to use and requires very little maintenance besides it is composed of two distinct apparatuses which can be separately supplied:
The bath temperature is measured by a bulb thermometer and regulated by a thermostat; it is possible to measure with accuracy the liquid level in the capillary tube by means of an eyepiece and a Vernier scale. Apparatus for the study of the gaseous diffusion coefficient: It is composed of a thermostatic bath where a Tee shaped capillary tube is placed containing the liquid to be tested.
A magnetic stirrer constantly mixes the glass content, whose conductivity can be measured by means of portable conductivity meter and recorded by means of a proper software. Apparatus for the study of the liquid diffusion coefficient: It is composed of a glass vessel containing distilled water; a diffusion cell is placed in the vessel; the test liquid is passed through the cell.
Testing And Failure Simulation Set for a three-phase motor used in cooling and climate control units.
Portable electric panel consisting of
1. Front Panel, side A
3 ammeters for the measurement of phase currents absorbed
Voltmeter for the measurement of mains voltage
Motor protection switch with adjustable trip level.
Mains voltage telltale.
Black power supply bushings for motor tested
Yellow/green ground bushing.
2. Front Panel, side B
Voltage at ends of motor windings telltales
Telltale used as a probe to verify presence of voltage at bushings
Black power supply bushings for motor outside the control panel
3. Back Panel
Connector for connection to motor - external compressor assembly.
Power cable inlet complete with EC plug
4. External assembly consisting of:
Pressure gauge
380V 50Hz 1HP 4-pole asynchronous three-phase motor coupled to type 0VT-12 open compressor.
Equilibrated soil samples placed on the sand are then subjected to a known variable suction range of 0- 800mm of water. These equipment consists of a free-standing circular tank filled with saturated sand (not supplied). The suction is applied by means of a buried porous pipe and an associated sliding control chamber. In order to maintain the suction an uninterrupted low volume water supply is required.
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For hydraulic tracer and visualization studies, an accurate dye injection system is provided. A known volume of dye solution is injected just before the entry to the settling tank.
Water is taken from the laboratory mains supply and is fed to the settling tank via a flow meter. For studies of sedimentation, a slurry is prepared in a sump tank and pumped via a specially designed flow meter to join the fresh water stream just before entry to the settling tank.
This may be comparatively analyzed by the Imhoff cone technique or more accurately by drying and weighing.The sump tank is continually agitated by a flow sparge device to prevent settling of solids during an experiment. A well-mixed slurry of known concentration and flow enters the tank uniformly under an inlet weir.
Starters can be electric, pneumatic, orhydraulic. In the case of very large engines, the starter can even be anotherinternal-combustion engine. A starter(also self-starter, cranking motor, or starter motor) is a device used torotate (crank) an internal-combustion engine so as to initiate the enginesoperation under its own power.
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