Industrial type components are educationallyadapted by using a modular panel system to permit the step by step assemblingfrom the simplest circuit to the most complex system. This laboratory is designed for the study of the temperaturecontrol application to allow the student a practical training, based on theperformance of guided experiments.
With this laboratory it is possible to perform the followingexperiments:
The two position controller with delayed feedback in thetemperature process
The two position controller with elastic feedback in thetemperature process
The two position controller in the temperature process
P, PI and PID controls of the temperature process using theCHR method
The three range controller in the temperature process.
Laminar flow reactor for connection to supply unit
Transparent double jacket from pmma for cooling and heating with
Sensor for measuring the conductivity and temperature via
Air vessel for damping of pulsation
Straight glass tube with laminar flow
Temperature control in the reactor via
T-piece with nozzle for mixing the reactants
Special inlet for reducing the inlet length.
This Level Control System is designed to allow numerous level control experiments to be performed within a typical laboratory session. This invention relates to an improved type of electronic liquid level control apparatus, yand more particularly toa relatively. A simple electronic type 'of controller which may be utilized to maintain substantially accurate liquid levels, within small liquid receiving chambers. A for use with very small liquid receiving chambers, such as -may be used 'in laboratory apparatus or pilot plants, or they are not adapted for use with extremely high pressure'equipment because of yinadequate packing glands or sealing means. Still other types of liquid level 'controllers are adapted to operate overa relatively wide range of level variations and are not sensitive to small changes ,in liquid' level. The unit enables students to investigate the effects of changing the parameters of the control algorithm and changes can be made to the process conditions by adjustment of the ow into the vessel. Many of the present-forms of liquid level ycontrollers are of a type which are not suitable.
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Torsional Oscillations Apparatus mechanism demonstrates torsional oscillations of single or multi-rotor and or geared systems with low natural frequencies.
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Bench-top unit mounted on a structure of anodized aluminum, with painted steel panel, and with regulable in heigh legs.
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Experiments:
Safety control using the high and low pressure switch and flow switch
Plant start-up and system monitoring using the incorporated protection and safety devices
Study and understanding of the operation of a chiller unit
On-off control of the cooled water temperature.
Detecting the system operating parameters:
Calculation of thermal balances for the refrigerant and water circuit
Plotting of the refrigerant cycle on a pressure-enthalpy diagram of the refrigerant gas
Equipped with all the instruments and controls necessary for testing, it requires only to be connected to electrical supply and filled with clean water. The trolley-mounted self-sufficient unit has been designed to study the features of centrifugal pumps.
The group is supplied with manuals which describe all parts of the unit, the installation and utilisation procedures, as well as many exercises with the relative results.
The Centrifugal Pumps Study Unit is supplied in four different versions, the first two of which allow also for series-parallel tests:
One pump with a.c. motor
One pump with d.c. motor
Two pumps with 2-speed a.c. motors
Two pumps with one 2-speed a.c. motor and one d.c. motor
Two duct support stands are provided (only one is shown in the picture) and the experiments require the use of a necessary accessory, the Multitube Manometer. The equipment comprises additional sets of ductwork manufactured in aluminium containing both pressure tappings and pitot static tube points together with a set of inlet adaptors which can be connected to the intake of the fan by means of deep spigoted sockets with O ring seals and over-centre toggle latches.
Items of ductwork comprise:
The graph shows typical results which can be obtained when measuring duct entry pressure.
65 mm dia. inlet duct with sudden transition to 95 mm dia. incorporating six static pressure tappings.
65 mm dia. bellmouth intake adaptor.
95 mm dia. by 1400 mm long section with six static pressure tappings, together with a pitot static mounting pad.
65 mm dia. bluff intake adaptor.
95 mm dia. by 1400 mm long section with a static pressure tapping and a pitot static mounting pad.
Pyramidal Balance can be divided into two main groups: internal and external. The group names are derived from their location relative to the test model and wind tunnel test section internal balances reside inside a test model, while external balances reside outside the test section. During the early years of wind tunnel testing, Forces and Moments were literally measured through pan-type balances. Although technology has advanced dramatically since those early days, the term balance is still applied to the devices used for Force and Moment measurements today.
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The steam bench includes an insulated separating calorimeter, equipped with a water level sight glass, connected via fixed orifice to a lagged throttling calorimeter which exhausts to a water cooled steam condenser. Separating and Throttling Steam Bench consists of a sturdy framework and panels of all steel construction, fitted with a student work surface, interconnecting back panel and adjustable feet. A manometer is provided for measuring the pressure inside the throttling calorimeter and thermocouples are provided for measuring steam supply and temperatures which may be individually selected for display on an analogue temperature meter.
Experimental Capability:
To determine the dryness fraction of steam i.e. The quantity of dry vapour present in any wet vapour mixture.
The Three Component Balance is designed for use in Open Water tests with Podded Dynamometer.
The forces and moments measured will depend on the combination and number of Transducers fitted. This Allows the forces and moments acting on and produced by the Pod to be set at different pitch or yaw angles during open water testing. This equipment allows the user to arrange Podded Drive Propeller Dynamometer with the extended gearbox, Three Component Balance and Purpose built Carriage mounting frame with manual adjustment for Height, Pitch and Yaw.
Pelton Turbine Test Set is designed for studying the Pelton turbine characteristics under various flow rates and heads. The adjustable nozzle direct a water jet to the runner buckets. Power output can be measured by either dynamometer or generator.The unit is on wheels. The unit consists of a storage tank, a pump, a turbine, a dynamometer, a generator, and measuring instruments.
Experiments:
Power output vs speed for various heads and flow rates.
Efficiency vs speed for a given head and flow rate.
Torque vs speed at various heads and flow rates.
Racing characteristics.
Overall turbine generator efficiency.
The Ball and Plate Apparatus shows the problems of the of an unstable system. The apparatus consists of a plate pivoted at its centre so the plate can tilt in two directions.
The basic control task is to control the ball position. The ball is free to roll on the plate.
Stepper motors tilt the plate. A servo system with a stepper motor control card controls the motors. A camera with an intelligent vision system measures the ball position.
The equipment includes:
A data acquisition board for your computer
Camera with USB connection
Ball and plate model
Power supply
The data acquisition board fits into a suitable computer (not included) to link with the Ball and Plate Apparatus and control its motors.
Software (included)
Interface library for programming at the system level
Demonstration program with PID controllers
Truck And Heavy Dun Diesel Program introduce the Cummins, Caterpillar, Navistar, Detroit Diesel or other engines with all the components assembled and ready for operation. These units are available with hydraulic water absorption dynamometers for accurate measurements. The manuals provide full information and procedures for troubleshooting diesel engines. Potential problems are listed, diagnostic methods are indicated and repair procedures detailed.
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This module provides a real possibility of having the student use the kinetic energy of water to operate a turbine and produce electricity in real time. The multiple lights and the control knobs provide various load levels on the turbine to simulate brown-outs in cities. The Hydroelectric Trainer Module allows students to convert water power to electricity like many large scale hydro-power plants. Running water from rivers and waterfalls were the primary energy sources for various societies that existed centuries ago. The module has a turbine and an adjustable pressure control that emulates the flow and volume of water. The trainer panel has all parts and controls that allow a student to harness the electricity for different uses.
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Solar Thermal Troubleshooting includes all components needed to develop hands-on, job-ready skills. The learning system contains a mobile workstation, multiple component circuit panels, two solar collectors, and fault insertion. An optional sun simulator is available to facilitate classes indoors when outdoor conditions do not support solar heating.
Installing and maintaining Solar Thermal Troubleshooting Open-Loop Learning System requires hands-on troubleshooting ability across both drain back and pressurized systems. Likewise, engineers and designers need to understand the technologies utilized by these systems.
Solar Thermal Troubleshooting teaches learners about connecting, operating, programming, and troubleshooting both drain back and pressurized systems. The curriculum is presented in a highly-interactive, multimedia format that allows learners to use the learning style best for them: reading, listening, or visual. Solar Thermal Troubleshooting Open-Loop Learning System allows learners to develop the specialized skills and knowledge needed for working with the two common types of thermal open-loop systems: drain back and pressurized.
Features:
Replicates Real World Thermal Systems
Balance of System Components
Requirements of Solar Thermal Troubleshooting Open-Loop Learning System
Fault Insertion for both Electrical and Fluid Systems
Optional Sun Simulator
Electricity
Solar Thermal Sun Simulator.
A simulated flight control surface is operated to demonstrate the principle of hydraulic-actuated flight controls. This is a complete standalone trainer designed such that each component can be removed, overhauled, reinstalled, and functionally tested. The Hydraulic System Trainer provides hands-on training to the students so that they could understand the function, identify components, and troubleshoot a fully functional hydraulic system.
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Once the specimen is assembled in the triaxial cell, required parameters like strain rate, confining pressure and back pressure are programmed through the computer. Digital Triaxal is totally automated stress path system for soils and conforms to the test requirements of All the modules namely load frame, confining pressure, back pressure, pore pressure or volume change are totally controlled by the dedicated computer.
Controlling and data acquisition is supported by window based software. which can perform tests under the following conditions:
Shear in UC, UU, CU, CU & CD
Stress path triaxial test
K0 consolidation and swelling test.
Intended use:
Microscope slide for use with standard transmitted light microscope. For clinical laboratory use.
Used for microscopic examination of clinical specimens in haematology, microbiology, cytology, and pathology laboratories.
These specimens include blood smears, urine wet preparation, gram stains, cultures, tissue sections, etc.
