Laboratory Centrifuge 15ml x 8 Bucket
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Tribology studies friction, wear and lubrication. Lubricants are used to minimise friction and wear. Friction occurs when two solids are in contact with each other and their movement is impeded. If material is lost progressively during this process, it is referred to as wear.
Features:
Electronic measurement of the frictional force between friction partners
Base module for studying various cases of sliding and rolling friction
Learning Objectives And Experiments:
Elasto-hydrodynamic behaviour in rolling friction of a sphere against a flat surface
Frictional vibrations and slipstick phenomenon
Pressure distribution in the journal bearing
Wear test: pin against disk
Wear test: friction wheel experiment
Together with the experimental units
Rolling friction of two disks with slip.
The Steam to Water Heat Exchanger is self contained and designed for bench top use having it own steam generator and condenser tubes housed in a thick walled glass cylinder.
A differential pressure manometer also allows the pressure drop due to velocity to be investigated in each configuration.
The tubes may be connected in a single, double or four pass configuration and full instrumentation is provided for the investigation of the thermal performance in each configuration.
Experimental Capabilities:
Demonstration of the increase in Steam to Water Heat Exchanger effectiveness due to increasing the number of tube passes at constant flow rates.
Visual demonstration of filmwise condensation and nucleate boiling.
Investigation of the saturation pressure/temperature relationship for H2O at low pressures.
Investigation of the effect of increasing flow velocity and the number of tube passes on the overall heat transfer coefficient.
Measurement of the effect of coolant flow velocity and the number of tube passes on pressure drop.
The nozzle flow meter or any of the optional flow meters quickly andeasily fit into place between the adaptors in the base unit of the apparatus. For use by all kinds of engineering students, the Flow Meter Calibration apparatus compares and shows the accuracy and use of fundamental flowmeters. The manometers have a common manifoldfitted with an air valve. Students use the hand-pump to increase the air pressurein the manifold. The straight pipe gives a comparison of the true pressurelosses caused by the flow meters. Four water filled manometers show the pressure differences at the flow meterand across the overall flow meter assembly. This helps to explain the boundary layerand surface friction in pipes and flow channels. The optional Pitot Tube Flow Meter will alsoshow the velocity profile in a pipe.
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Suitable for both laboratory and field applications battery powered (rechargeble) and fully portable Measurements are indicated on the digital and may be connected to a data logger for later analysis. Propeller Velocity Flowmeter Measurement of velocities in clean conductive fluids within the range 25 to 1500mm/sec (up to 3000mm/sec with high speed probe) Operation in confined spaces with limited intrusive effects.
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Single phase motors, although less used in the industry than the three phase motors, represent a not significant part in low power applications that use the single phase network. Rarely used in the industry, the single phase universal motor is the motor that is most manufactured in the world, popular in the field of home appliances and in that of portable equipment. At the same power, they are more bulky than three phase motors and their performance and cos are much lower but are simple in construction, cheap in cost, reliable and easy to repair and maintain.
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The Steam Electrical Generator Trainer uses a natural gas boiler to generate steam which is then expanded in a steam turbine, converting the heat energy of the steam into electrical energy via the turbo-generator. Steam Electrical Generator Trainer demonstrates the conversion of stored chemical energy to electricity the primary method of generating electricity used today. The Steam Power generation Thermodynamics Trainer is purpose designed and built for hands-on education and training on topics related to steam generation, power generation and control.
Steam Electrical Generator Trainer is a real system that generates electricity from a natural gas fuel on a small scale. Steam Electrical Generator Trainer is mounted complete on a single skid allowing for compact installation. Industrial type process components, process measurement and control devices have been used throughout the trainer to provide the student with a realistic training experience using equipment common to industry. In every other respect the system is designed, operated, controlled, and maintained in the same way as the full-scale industrial electrical generating facilities.
The Multi Functional Bench is heated by electricity and it is placed on wheels. That allows installing the unit wherever you want, also in rural areas.
Multi Functional Bench is enough a single bench to set up a laboratory, in fact with you can cook, concentrate and mix, under vacuum or in atmosphere conditions, blanching fruit and vegetables, dosing the product still warm, and pasteurize full and capped vessels.
It is also possible to realize a fixed version of the machine, that in this case, will be connected to an external steam plant.
The Multi Functional Bench is composed of three section:
A pasteurizer tank which, as allowing the thermal treatment of the vessels, could be used to blanch fruit and vegetables using a basket with special holes.
A basin for the under vacuum cooking complete with an agitator, that offers significant advantages in terms of a little oxidation of the product and colour keeping;
A control panel allows you to set all the parameters and save recipes.
A section to dose the product coming from the first section.
Passive Safety Devices For Motorcars simulator allows the study, the testing and the troubleshooting on the devices which have been developed for the purpose of increasing the safety of driver and passengers inside motorcars. The simulator considers all those systems that allow to reduce the consequences of accidents; in particular, the following devices are analyzed:
Air bag (driver bag, passenger bag, side bag, window bag)
Passive Safety Devices For Motorcars simulator allows the Multi-function valve in the fuel tank
It is possible to simulate the behaviour of components and circuits, on the basis of operating conditions that students and teachers can control directly on the panel or through the personal computer. The different not acting safety devices are reproduced on the panel through a synoptic diagram that allows a complete analysis of the components and, in case, of the relevant electrical/electronic control circuit. The latter keeps constantly under control the simulation, by visualizing its behaviour by means of signals and analog and digital meters; in this way the student, through suitable measurements and tests, can proceed to the fault finding activity.
The training system presented here represents a fully functional CIM cell (CIM = Computer Integrated Manufacturing). An overhead robot on a linear drive supplies two CNC machines with raw parts taken from a magazine. The machined dimensions of the finished workpieces are checked in an inspection jig before the items are placed in a finished parts store. The system allows an automated manufacturing process to be created. The demonstrates the basic processes of handling (robots), manufacturing (CNC machining), and control (PLC). Defined planning and control data is used to control various machines. The manufacturing cell is equipped with all necessary sensors and control devices. The control and programming software for the CNC machines, the robot, the linear drive and the software for the PLC (monitoring and control) are installed on two PCs. The relevant data is stored in a software program, and is processed by the control units of the individual machines. A PLC system monitors and controls the process.
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A compact desktop tray dryer suitable for laboratory use.
Computer control of temperature and air flow rate, with sophisticated data logging and analysis software.
Integrated electronic weight measurement to determine drying rate.
Electronic measurement of air flow.
Stainless Steel Construction.
Electronic measurement of temperature and humidity before and after the drying trays.
Capacity: up to 2.1 Kg of wet material.
Flow rates, 0.4 - 3.0m/s over trays.
Temperatures up to 80°C at 0.4 m/s less at higher flows.
A versatile regenerative enginetest set with comprehensive controls and instrumentation. When used with one of optional single-cylinder engines, it safely and effectively enables study and demonstrations of the features and characteristics of the engine. Using this enables accurate real-time data capture, monitoring and display, calculation and charting of all relevant parameters on a computer making tests quick and reliable. In addition,optional ancillaries are available to extend the range of study, demonstrations and investigations even further. The equipment is fully compatible with Versatile Data Acquisition System.
The main components of the system are:
A fuel tank support frame that supports the fuel tank and optional fuel gauge
A heavy fabricated floor-mounting bed
An instrument console with instrument frame
The bed is held on anti-vibration mounts. It includes a robust trunnion-mounted d.c. machine. When the engine is initially mounted onto the test bed or exchanged with an alternative engine, dowels and slots locate the engine quickly, accurately and reliably. An electronic load cell connected to the machine measures the driving torque of the test engine. The engines are supplied pre-mounted on a sturdy precision base plate. Each engine includes a colour-coded fuel tank with self-sealing couplings.
Safety Features:
Emergency stops on test bed and console
Interlocks for mains power failure and engine over speed.
The Base Unit is the core of the range. It includes a hand-operated valve to help give a controllable water flow and a simple return pipe, both colour-coded. The water connections to the optional experiments are self-sealing quick connectors for safety and simplicity. The inlet and outlet fluid streams have different colours to reduce errors. It provides cold water and heater power to the optional experiments and all the instruments needed to measure their performance. The Base Units water system connects to a suitable cold water supply and drain. It also includes sockets for the thermocouples built into each optional experiment. Clear, multi line digital displays on the Base Unit show the temperatures and heater power of each experiment. Changing an experiment takes less than a minute. The Base Unit provides a variable and measured electrical current to the heater in each experiment and works with a safety switch to stop the heater from becoming too hot.
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These mechanical system fundamentals can be applied to a variety of applications within the automotive, agricultural, and power industries. Portable Mechanical Drives 1 Learning System covers the fundamentals of mechanical transmission systems and applications, such as how to: operate, install, analyze performance, and design basic mechanical transmission systems using chains, vbelts, spur gears, bearings, and couplings.
This power transmission training system uses industrial quality components to help assure that learners are better prepared for what they will encounter on the job and to withstand frequent use. The Portable Mechanical Drives 1 Learning System includes: a tabletop mounting work surface; a drive motor; a variety of components for belt, chain and gear drives; a digital tachometer; a mechanical load device; and an alignment package. The Portable Mechanical Drives 1 Learning System features the ability to setup various drive systems, showing learners the effects of proper alignment and how to obtain best efficiency. These components will be used to cover major mechanical drives topics like shaft speed measurement, key fasteners, power transmission systems, belt drive concepts, chain tensioning, and gear backlash.
Features:
Perfect training for a variety of applications within the automotive, agricultural, and power industries.
Uses industrial quality components to help assure that learners are better prepared for what they will encounter on the job and to withstand frequent use.
Covers the fundamentals of mechanical transmission systems and applications, such as how to: operate, install, analyze performance, and design basic mechanical transmission systems using chains, vbelts, spur gears, bearings, and couplings.
The Crystallization Vessel study unit allows to acquire a basic knowledge of the crystallization process and the principles underlying it. It allows to carry out experiments concerning the separation of a solidifying solute from a liquid solvent in which it is dissolved, either by evaporating the solvent or by cooling down the solution. The study unit is supplied with manuals which describe all parts of the trainer, the installation and utilisation procedures, as well as many exercises with the relative results. That allows to perform crystallization tests on salts with a positive or negative solubility course according to the temperature.
Experiments:
Evaluation of the crystallization efficiency.
Plotting of the solution solubility curve according to the temperature.
Crystallization by evaporating the solvent.
Crystallization by cooling the solution.
The refrigerator circuit is made of copper pipes. The set of equipment and the vacuum and recharge station allow a fast assembly and disassembly of the refrigerator circuit. The Trainer On Industrial Refrigerators With One Evaporator And An Hermetic Compressor With Fault Simulation allows to study the circuit layout adopted in the normal industrial one-compartment refrigerator systems, fitted with positive temperature evaporator and hermetic compressor. The refrigerant is Freon R134a (HFC), CFC free, and the unit includes the measuring instruments that are necessary to monitor operating parameters and to test the refrigerator circuit. The student can rise his knowledge about the main components of a refrigerator plant, experiment the problems due to the filling and the emptying of the circuit and, at last, simulate some simple fault. A wheeled frame carries a horizontal working panel, fitted with a 80 mm clamp, and a vertical frame, where the main components of the unit and a screen printed synoptic panel are mounted at sight.
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The Drain Permeameter is suited for use both as a teaching and demonstration tool and for laboratory testing and research. A removable base section is provided into which the filter material to be investigated is placed. The equipment consists of a 100mm diameter transparent column which may be filled with any soil type.
The apparatus is supported on a sturdy metal frame and may be conveniently placed on a laboratory bench close to a water supply and drain. Water is added to the column under a constant head and permeating water and soil is collected at the base. The discharge from the drain can be monitored to assess the efficiency of the filter material.
A bench-mounted framework incorporates facilities for six tests to be carried out simultaneously. The glass flocculating vessels stand on a translucent base which is illuminated from below. Each flocculating vessel incorporates a stirrer paddle driven by a variable speed drive. The paddle assemblies are easily withdrawn for removal and cleaning of the test vessels.
The tests serve to indicate the optimum chemical dosages for removal of turbidity and color, including such parameters as pH adjustment, and the supplemental use of activated carbon. Jar tests, furthermore, yield a wealth of qualitative information on the rate of agglomeration as a function of energy input (paddle speed), the settle ability of the floc formed, the clarity of the supernatant water (which might be related to the subsequent length of filter run).
Analysis of a water or waste preparatory to the design of a treatment sequence often involves coagulation and flocculation tests, 'Jar tests', in the laboratory.
Jar tests are routinely used for the control of plan operations and are performed by treatment plant operators.
Coagulation and flocculation tests may be used, in conjunction with other tests, to study basic processes including, for example, the kinetics of reaction and the removal of trace constituents from aqueous solution.
A digital timer can be set to count down from 1 to 99 minutes. After count down the paddles stop and an alert sounds.
The paddle shafts are made of stainless steel to resist corrosion. Paddle speed is accurately maintained by electronic feedback control. A digital display clearly indicates the speed which is fully variable. Alternatively, the use of two adjustable presets allows repetition of pre-selected speeds.
